Ethics, policy, and legislation

Sarah A Carratt, Christina L Zuch de Zafra, Elias Oziolor, et al. An industry perspective on the FDA Modernization Act 2.0/3.0: potential next steps for sponsors to reduce animal use in drug development. Toxicological Sciences. 2025;203(1):28-34. doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfae122

John J. Pippin, Jarrod Bailey, Mark Kennedy, et al. Institutional animal care and use committees and the challenges of evaluating animal research proposals. Research Integrity and Peer Review. 2025;10(1):11. doi:10.1186/s41073-025-00169-9

Jennifer Bell, Vanessa Zaiatz Bittencourt. Dealing with animal death and writing about it: Cultivating resilience in biotechnology writing. Medical Writing. 2025;34(1):70-73. https://journal.emwa.org/rare-diseases/biotechnology/.

U.S. National Institutes of Health. NIH to prioritize human-based research technologies. https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-prioritize-human-based-research-technologies. Published 2025.

Gallup Inc. Adultery, Cloning Still Seen as Most Immoral Behaviors. https://news.gallup.com/poll/692801/adultery-cloning-seen-immoral-behaviors.aspx. Published 2025.

Kristifor Sunderic, Andrew M. Wright, Nicole Kleinstreuer, et al. Complement-ARIE: Catalyzing the development and adoption of new approach methodologies. NAM Journal. 2025;1:100026. doi:10.1016/j.namjnl.2025.100026

Thomas Hartung. The turning point: April 2025 marks historic shift in US animal testing policy. ALTEX - Alternatives to animal experimentation. 2025. doi:10.14573/altex.2504301

Laurence Walder, Giorgia Pallocca, Luísa F. Bastos, et al. EU roadmap for phasing out animal testing for chemical safety assessments: Recommendations from a multi-stakeholder roundtable. ALTEX - Alternatives to animal experimentation. 2025. doi:10.14573/altex.2503241

Fred Schwaller. A mental-health crisis plagues PhDs — these evidence-led initiatives offer help. Nature. 2025. doi:10.1038/d41586-025-01083-2

Surat Parvatam. India races to raise animal-free drug testing standards. Nature India. 2025. doi:10.1038/d44151-025-00151-w