Ethics, policy, and legislation

Monica M Bertagnolli. Statement on catalyzing the development of novel alternative methods. https://www.nih.gov/about-nih/who-we-are/nih-director/statements/statement-catalyzing-development-novel-alternatives-methods. Published 2024.

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Research Facility Annual Usage Summary Report. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalwelfare/sa_obtain_research_facility_annual_report/ct_research_facility_annual_summary_reports. Published 2024.

U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Animal Rule Information. https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/mcm-regulatory-science/animal-rule-information. Published 2024.

Hartmut Wewetzer, Tobias Wagenknecht, Bettina Bert, Gilbert Schönfelder. The fate of surplus laboratory animals: Minimizing the production of surplus animals has greatest potential to reduce the number of laboratory animals. EMBO Reports. 2023;24(3):e56551. doi:10.15252/embr.202256551

Koen Kramer. When Is Something an Alternative? A General Account Applied to Animal-Free Alternatives to Animal Research. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics. 2023;33(1):89-101. doi:10.1017/S0963180123000300

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Non-animal models: A strategy for maturing Australia’s medical product development capabilities. https://www.csiro.au/en/work-with-us/services/consultancy-strategic-advice-services/csiro-futures/health-and-biosecurity/non-animal-models. Published 2023.

Madeline Krasno. I worked at the UW primate lab, and the inhumanity still haunts me. The Cap Times. https://captimes.com/opinion/guest-columns/opinion-i-worked-at-the-uw-primate-lab-and-the-inhumanity-still-haunts-me/article_5cfb633b-65fc-5def-b401-4ceb5ba20bfb.html. Published 2023.

Ekaterina Galkina Cleary, Matthew J. Jackson, Edward W. Zhou, Fred D. Ledley. Comparison of Research Spending on New Drug Approvals by the National Institutes of Health vs the Pharmaceutical Industry, 2010-2019. JAMA Health Forum. 2023;4(4):e230511. doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0511

Jean Knight, Thomas Hartung, Costanza Rovida. 4.2 million and counting… The animal toll for REACH systemic toxicity studies. ALTEX - Alternatives to animal experimentation. 2023;40(3):389-407. doi:10.14573/altex.2303201

Mikalah Singer, Paul Locke. Better Science, Fewer Animals: Catalyzing NIH Grant Making to Improve Biomedical Research and Meet Societal Goals. Animal Law Review. 2023;29(1):65-101. https://lawcommons.lclark.edu/alr/vol29/iss1/5.