Translation and validation

Jarrod Bailey, Kathy Taylor. Non-human primates in neuroscience research: The case against its scientific necessity. Alternatives to Laboratory Animals. 2016;44(1):43-69. doi:10.1177/026119291604400101

Joseph A. DiMasi, Henry G. Grabowski, Ronald W. Hansen. Innovation in the pharmaceutical industry: New estimates of R&D costs. Journal of Health Economics. 2016;47:20-33. doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2016.01.012

Monya Baker. 1,500 scientists lift the lid on reproducibility. Nature. 2016;533:452-454. https://www.nature.com/articles/533452a.

Biotechnology Innovation Organization, BioMedTracker. Clinical Development Success Rates 2006-2015. BIO, Biomedtracker, Amplion; 2016:28. http://go.bio.org/rs/490-EHZ-999/images/Clinical%20Development%20Success%20Rates%202006-2015%20-%20BIO%2C%20Biomedtracker%2C%20Amplion%202016.pdf.

Aysha Akhtar. The Flaws and Human Harms of Animal Experimentation. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics. 2015;24(4):407-419. doi:10.1017/S0963180115000079

Susan Bridgwood Green. Can animal data translate to innovations necessary for a new era of patient-centred and individualised healthcare? Bias in preclinical animal research. BMC Medical Ethics. 2015;16:53. doi:10.1186/s12910-015-0043-7

Terry C. Burns, Matthew D. Li, Swapnil Mehta, Ahmed J. Awad, Alexander A. Morgan. Mouse models rarely mimic the transcriptome of human neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic bioinformatics-based critique of preclinical models. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2015;759:101-117. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.021

P Charukeshi Chandrasekera, John J Pippin. The human subject: an integrative animal model for 21st century heart failure research. American Journal of Translational Research. 2015;7(9):1636-1647. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4626425/.

Isabella WY Mak, Nathan Evaniew, Michelle Ghert. Lost in translation: animal models and clinical trials in cancer treatment. American Journal of Translational Research. 2014;6(2):114-118. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3902221/.

Jeffrey L. Cummings, Travis Morstorf, Kate Zhong. Alzheimer’s disease drug-development pipeline: few candidates, frequent failures. Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy. 2014;6:37. doi:10.1186/alzrt269