Ethics, policy, and legislation

Katy Taylor, Laura Rego Alvarez. An Estimate of the Number of Animals Used for Scientific Purposes Worldwide in 2015. Alternatives to Laboratory Animals. 2019;47(5-6):196-213. doi:10.1177/0261192919899853

David DeGrazia, Tom L Beauchamp. Beyond the 3 Rs to a More Comprehensive Framework of Principles for Animal Research Ethics. ILAR Journal. 2019;60(3):308-317. doi:10.1093/ilar/ilz011

Joint Research Centre. TSAR - Tracking System for Alternative methods towards Regulatory acceptance. https://tsar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/. Published 2019.

Angela N Hvitved. Engaging Ethicists in Animal Research Policymaking. ILAR Journal. 2019;60(3):318-323. doi:10.1093/ilar/ilz023

S. Bressers, H. van den Elzen, C. Gräwe, D. van den Oetelaar, P. H. A. Postma, S. K. Schoustra. Policy driven changes in animal research practices: mapping researchers’ attitudes towards animal-free innovations using the Netherlands as an example. Research Integrity and Peer Review. 2019;4(1):8. doi:10.1186/s41073-019-0067-5

Jarrod Bailey, Shiranee Pereira. Advances in neuroscience imply that harmful experiments in dogs are unethical. Journal of Medical Ethics. 2018;44(1):47-52. doi:10.1136/medethics-2016-103630

Ipsos MORI. Public Attitudes to Animal Research in 2018. London; 2018:36. Public attitudes to animal research in 2018.

Mark Strauss. Americans are divided over the use of animals in scientific research. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2018/08/16/americans-are-divided-over-the-use-of-animals-in-scientific-research/. Published 2018.

Jeffrey M. Jones. Americans Hold Record Liberal Views on Most Moral Issues. https://news.gallup.com/poll/210542/americans-hold-record-liberal-views-moral-issues.aspx. Published 2017.

Mike Lauer. A Look at NIH Support for Model Organisms, Part Two. https://nexus.od.nih.gov/all/2016/08/03/model-organisms-part-two/. Published 2016.