Ethics, policy, and legislation

Michael J. Fossler, C. Edwin Garner. The FDA Roadmap to Reducing Animal Testing in Preclinical Safety Studies: Where Will It Lead Us? Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development. 2026;15(3):e70046. doi:10.1002/cpdd.70046

Georgia Mason, Kristine Coleman, Brenda McCowan, David Pearl, Ori Pomerantz. Ethological scars? Exposure to multiple negative events over a lifespan may predict abnormal repetitive behaviour in laboratory-housed rhesus macaques. Biology Letters. 2026;22(3):20250638. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2025.0638

Simon Lohse. Reproducibility, questionable research practices and ethico-epistemic trade-offs in animal-based biomedicine. European Journal for Philosophy of Science. 2026;16(2):25. doi:10.1007/s13194-026-00727-y

Nico Dario Müller. Lane-Petter’s Pipeline: Why reliably decreasing animal research takes more than replacements. European Journal for Philosophy of Science. 2026;16(1):10. doi:10.1007/s13194-025-00715-8

Elliott Johnson, Howard Reed, Anna Thew, Matthew Johnson. Non-animal new approach methodologies (NAMs): Increasingly effective in validated contexts, more ethical and more economically productive. NAM Journal. 2026;2:100102. doi:10.1016/j.namjnl.2026.100102

Parissa Barai, Vaishnavi Pogakula, Jagnoor Singh Sandhu, Amrita Parida, Nandakumar Krishnadas, Gollapalle Lakshminarayanashastry Viswanatha. Re‐evaluating the forced swim test: ethical, scientific, and regulatory drivers for validated alternatives. Frontiers in Animal Science. 2026;7. doi:10.3389/fanim.2026.1692092

Yining Du, Yuan Fang, Shiwei Ni. Overcoming Paradigm Inertia: Publishing Incentives and Peer Review Bias as the True Rate-Limiting Steps in Reducing Animal Research. Journal of Translational Medicine. 2026;24(1):818. doi:10.1186/s12967-026-08526-y

Federico Germani, Julian W. März, Alessandro Luciani, Olivier Devuyst, Nikola Biller-Andorno. Ethical and legal considerations of digital animal models: pioneering reduction and replacement. Trends in Biotechnology. 2026;44(3):593-595. doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.011

Jill Monnissen, Andreas De Block. Exploring ethical reasoning and welfare perceptions of Octopus vulgaris paralarvae among scientific and non-scientific communities. Laboratory Animals. 2026:00236772261441121. doi:10.1177/00236772261441121

Sally A. Thompson-Iritani, Neera V. Gopee, Joseph T. Newsome, Todd Bear, Brianna Skinner, Patricia A. Preisig. A national survey on public opinions about research involving animals: veterinarians are the most trusted source. 2026. doi:10.2460/ajvr.25.06.0190