Ethics, policy, and legislation

U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Advancing Alternative Methods at FDA. https://www.fda.gov/science-research/about-science-research-fda/advancing-alternative-methods-fda. Published 2023.

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Non-animal models: A strategy for maturing Australia’s medical product development capabilities. https://www.csiro.au/en/work-with-us/services/consultancy-strategic-advice-services/csiro-futures/health-and-biosecurity/non-animal-models. Published 2023.

Ekaterina Galkina Cleary, Matthew J. Jackson, Edward W. Zhou, Fred D. Ledley. Comparison of Research Spending on New Drug Approvals by the National Institutes of Health vs the Pharmaceutical Industry, 2010-2019. JAMA Health Forum. 2023;4(4):e230511. doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0511

Jean Knight, Thomas Hartung, Costanza Rovida. 4.2 million and counting… The animal toll for REACH systemic toxicity studies. ALTEX - Alternatives to animal experimentation. 2023;40(3):389-407. doi:10.14573/altex.2303201

Costanza Rovida, Francois Busquet, Marcel Leist, Thomas Hartung. REACH out-numbered! The future of REACH and animal numbers. ALTEX - Alternatives to Animal Experimentation. 2023;40(3):367-388. doi:10.14573/altex.2307121

Hartmut Wewetzer, Tobias Wagenknecht, Bettina Bert, Gilbert Schönfelder. The fate of surplus laboratory animals: Minimizing the production of surplus animals has greatest potential to reduce the number of laboratory animals. EMBO Reports. 2023;24(3):e56551. doi:10.15252/embr.202256551

Mikalah Singer, Paul Locke. Better Science, Fewer Animals: Catalyzing NIH Grant Making to Improve Biomedical Research and Meet Societal Goals. Animal Law Review. 2023;29(1):65-101. https://lawcommons.lclark.edu/alr/vol29/iss1/5.

Margaret Waltz, Jill A. Fisher, Rebecca L. Walker. Mission Creep or Mission Lapse? Scientific Review in Research Oversight. AJOB Empirical Bioethics. 2023;14(1):38-49. doi:10.1080/23294515.2022.2123868

Koen Kramer. When Is Something an Alternative? A General Account Applied to Animal-Free Alternatives to Animal Research. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics. 2023;33(1):89-101. doi:10.1017/S0963180123000300

Madeline Krasno. I worked at the UW primate lab, and the inhumanity still haunts me. The Cap Times. https://captimes.com/opinion/guest-columns/opinion-i-worked-at-the-uw-primate-lab-and-the-inhumanity-still-haunts-me/article_5cfb633b-65fc-5def-b401-4ceb5ba20bfb.html. Published 2023.