U.S. Food and Drug Administration

U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Animal Welfare, Testing and Research of FDA-Regulated Products. https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/animal-welfare-testing-and-research-fda-regulated-products. Published 2025.

U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Guidance Document:Exploratory IND Studies. https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/exploratory-ind-studies.

U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Roadmap to Reducing Animal Testing in Preclinical Safety Studies. https://www.fda.gov/media/186092/download?attachment.

U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Announces Plan to Phase Out Animal Testing Requirement for Monoclonal Antibodies and Other Drugs. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-announces-plan-phase-out-animal-testing-requirement-monoclonal-antibodies-and-other-drugs.