TY - ECHAP
KW - Brazil
KW - European Union
KW - India
KW - Japan
KW - new approach methodologies
KW - Regulatory testing
KW - research policy
AU - Mohammad Abdulkader Akbarsha
AU - Lauren Dalat de Sousa Coelho
AU - Abhay Deshpande
AU - Yogendra Kumar Gupta
AU - Yoko Hirabayashi
AU - Hajime Kojima
AU - Francesca Pistollato
AU - Marcella Miranda Siqueira Furtuoso Rodrigues
AU - Jordana Andrade Santos
AU - Marize Campos Valadares
AU - Catharine E. Krebs
AU - Gail A. Van Norman
AB - Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in replacing animal testing with scientifically robust alternatives, particularly for routine toxicity assessments. Reliable nonanimal approaches now exist for endpoints such as skin and eye irritation, phototoxicity, and genotoxicity, with growing potential for broader applications. Despite these advances, challenges remain—especially in replicating complex biological processes and overcoming cultural and institutional resistance to change. The transition to nonanimal approaches requires not only scientific innovation but also societal and regulatory shifts. This chapter explores global efforts to advance innovative nonanimal methods in research and safety testing, focusing on developments across India, Brazil, the European Union, and Japan. The chapter reviews key policy and legislative initiatives, funding strategies, and educational efforts that support the integration of nonanimal methods, highlighting how these regions are working to overcome barriers and accelerate the move toward more ethical, human-relevant science.
BT - Moving Toward Nonanimal Approaches in Medical Research and Testing
DA - 2027-01-01
N2 - Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in replacing animal testing with scientifically robust alternatives, particularly for routine toxicity assessments. Reliable nonanimal approaches now exist for endpoints such as skin and eye irritation, phototoxicity, and genotoxicity, with growing potential for broader applications. Despite these advances, challenges remain—especially in replicating complex biological processes and overcoming cultural and institutional resistance to change. The transition to nonanimal approaches requires not only scientific innovation but also societal and regulatory shifts. This chapter explores global efforts to advance innovative nonanimal methods in research and safety testing, focusing on developments across India, Brazil, the European Union, and Japan. The chapter reviews key policy and legislative initiatives, funding strategies, and educational efforts that support the integration of nonanimal methods, highlighting how these regions are working to overcome barriers and accelerate the move toward more ethical, human-relevant science.
PB - Academic Press
PY - 2027
SN - 978-0-443-26514-3
SP - 211
EP - 231
T2 - Moving Toward Nonanimal Approaches in Medical Research and Testing
TI - Chapter 13 - Overcoming inertia against nonanimal approaches around the world
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780443265143000060
Y2 - 2026-10-05
ER -