TY - JOUR
KW - animal testing phase-out
KW - new approach methodologies
KW - Policy roadmap
KW - Regulatory toxicology
KW - Validation
AU - Love Hansell
AU - Thomas Hartung
AB - 2025 marked an unprecedented synchrony of political initiatives to reduce and replace animal testing across the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union. Yet, their approaches differ fundamentally in sincerity, specificity, and regulatory capacity. Borrowing metaphorically from Oscar Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest, this commentary evaluates whether these roadmaps are earnest—substantive, time-bound, and scientifically grounded—or merely “Ernest”—symbolic commitments lacking operational force. The US executed a coordinated regulatory pivot across FDA, EPA, and NIH, with immediate guidance, institutional restructuring, and human-relevant scientific frameworks. The UK released the most detailed national roadmap to date, including explicit timelines, a national validation center (UKCVAM), governance structures, KPIs, and £75 million in funding. The EU, despite broad public support and extensive consultations, continues a slower deliberative process with limited deadlines. Using insights from recent policy analyses and validation frameworks, this commentary outlines how jurisdictions can embody the “importance of being earnest” through measurable commitments, validation capacity, and harmonized international leadership.
BT - NAM Journal
DA - 2025-12-21
DO - 10.1016/j.namjnl.2025.100071
N2 - 2025 marked an unprecedented synchrony of political initiatives to reduce and replace animal testing across the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union. Yet, their approaches differ fundamentally in sincerity, specificity, and regulatory capacity. Borrowing metaphorically from Oscar Wilde’s The Importance of Being Earnest, this commentary evaluates whether these roadmaps are earnest—substantive, time-bound, and scientifically grounded—or merely “Ernest”—symbolic commitments lacking operational force. The US executed a coordinated regulatory pivot across FDA, EPA, and NIH, with immediate guidance, institutional restructuring, and human-relevant scientific frameworks. The UK released the most detailed national roadmap to date, including explicit timelines, a national validation center (UKCVAM), governance structures, KPIs, and £75 million in funding. The EU, despite broad public support and extensive consultations, continues a slower deliberative process with limited deadlines. Using insights from recent policy analyses and validation frameworks, this commentary outlines how jurisdictions can embody the “importance of being earnest” through measurable commitments, validation capacity, and harmonized international leadership.
PY - 2025
EP - 100071
ST - NAMazing
T2 - NAM Journal
TI - NAMazing: The importance of being earnest - a 2025 cross-Atlantic turning point in phasing out animal testing
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S3050620425000661
Y2 - 2026-01-02
SN - 3050-6204
ER -