01481nas a2200325   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260001500043653001200058653002400070653002700094653001100121653004100132653001800173653004700191653001300238653002800251653001800279653003200297653002700329100001200356700002200368700002100390700001900411245006100430300001300491490000800504520062900512022001401141       2026                            d  c2026-04-2110aAnimals10aBiomedical Research10aDisease Models, Animal10aHumans10aNational Institutes of Health (U.S.)10aUnited States10aUnited States Food and Drug Administration10aVirology10ahost-virus interactions10amodel systems10aNew approach methods (NAMs)10atranslational virology1 aMin Liu1 aJonathan G. Faris1 aAmanda R. Panfil1 aCody J. Warren00aHow new approach methods are reshaping virology research  ae01326250 v1003 aAnimal models are a cornerstone of basic and translational virology research, widely used to study viral pathogenesis and evaluate vaccines and therapeutics. However, growing ethical and scientific concerns, alongside recent National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) initiatives, are accelerating a shift toward non-animal, human-relevant alternatives. Advanced cell- and tissue-based systems now offer powerful platforms to model human disease. This Gem outlines emerging tools and highlights their promise for virology research in a rapidly evolving regulatory and technological landscape.  a1098-5514