02197nas a2200337   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260001500043653001200058653001600070653001800086653001300104653002500117653001100142653001400153653003200167653002300199653002100222100002400243700002100267700002200288700001700310700001600327700002000343700002100363245013100384300001300515490000700528520131000535022001401845       2025                            d  c2025-04-2510aAnimals10aBioprinting10aCell Survival10aCollagen10aextracellular matrix10aHumans10aHydrogels10aPrinting, Three-Dimensional10aTissue engineering10aTissue Scaffolds1 aDaniel J. Shiwarski1 aAndrew R. Hudson1 aJoshua W. Tashman1 aEzgi Bakirci1 aSamuel Moss1 aBrian D. Coffin1 aAdam W. Feinberg00a3D bioprinting of collagen-based high-resolution internally perfusable scaffolds for engineering fully biologic tissue systems  aeadu59050 v113 aOrgan-on-a-chip and microfluidic systems have improved the translational relevance of in vitro systems; however, current manufacturing approaches impart limitations on materials selection, non-native mechanical properties, geometric complexity, and cell-driven remodeling into functional tissues. Here, we three-dimensionally (3D) bioprint extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells into collagen-based high-resolution internally perfusable scaffolds (CHIPS) that integrate with a vascular and perfusion organ-on-a-chip reactor (VAPOR) to form a complete tissue engineering platform. We improve the fidelity of freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels (FRESH) bioprinting to produce a range of CHIPS designs fabricated in a one-step process. CHIPS exhibit size-dependent permeability of perfused molecules into the surrounding scaffold to support cell viability and migration. Lastly, we implemented multi-material bioprinting to control 3D spatial patterning, ECM composition, cellularization, and material properties to create a glucose-responsive, insulin-secreting pancreatic-like CHIPS with vascular endothelial cadherin+ vascular-like networks. Together, CHIPS and VAPOR form a platform technology toward engineering full organ-scale function for disease modeling and cell replacement therapy.  a2375-2548