@article{6926,
  author = {Donald E. Ingber},
  title = {Challenges and opportunities for human Organ Chips in FDA assessments and pharma pipelines,},
  abstract = {The Food and Drug Administration recently announced a plan to phase out animal-testing requirements for drug assessments based on advances in new approach methodologies, including human organ-on-a-chip (Organ Chip) microfluidic culture technology. Although Organ Chips are being explored in many pharmaceutical laboratories, they have not yet been integrated into drug-development pipelines. Here, I review challenges that must be overcome to bridge this gap and new opportunities that will emerge. I also discuss additional work that will be required for Organ Chips to reduce animal use, lower drug costs, meet regulatory goals, and improve clinical success in the future.},
  year = {2026},
  journal = {Cell Stem Cell},
  month = {2026-01-20},
  issn = {1934-5909},
  url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1934590925004564},
  doi = {10.1016/j.stem.2025.12.022},
}