@article{5911,
  keywords = {Digestive system cancers, Drug screening, organoids, Personalized medicine, precision oncology, Tumor Microenvironment},
  author = {Yufei Wang and Limin Zhang and Louis Zizhao Wang and Yang Cao and Lulu Huang and Gautam Sethi and Xiaoguang Chen and Lingzhi Wang and Boon-Cher Goh},
  title = {The application of organoids in treatment decision-making for digestive system cancers: progress and challenges},
  abstract = {Digestive system cancers—including gastric, liver, colorectal, esophageal, and pancreatic malignancies—remain leading causes of cancer death, with treatment resistance posing major challenges in advanced disease. Patient-derived cancer organoids (PDCOs), 3D mini-tumors grown from patient biopsies, have revolutionized personalized oncology by faithfully replicating tumor biology and enabling predictive drug testing for chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. While demonstrating good predictive accuracy, current limitations include incomplete tumor microenvironments, variable establishment rates, and lengthy processing times. Emerging technologies like AI, organ-on-chip systems, and 3D bioprinting are addressing these challenges, while clinical trials explore applications in neoadjuvant therapy and real-time treatment guidance. This Review highlights key advances in PDCO technology and its transformative potential for treatment decision-making in digestive system cancers, bridging laboratory research with clinical care to enable truly personalized therapeutic strategies tailored to individual tumor biology.},
  year = {2025},
  journal = {Molecular Cancer},
  volume = {24},
  pages = {222},
  month = {2025-08-25},
  issn = {1476-4598},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-025-02429-0},
  doi = {10.1186/s12943-025-02429-0},
}